Connect AWS Aurora MySQL to DSPM - Netskope Technical Documentation

Overview

Netskope DSPM supports scanning AWS MySQL Data Stores. Follow these instructions to set up your MySQL database and configure its connection to Netskope DSPM.

These instructions are for connecting an individual MySQL Data Store. To learn more about onboarding many MySQL Data Stores at once, please visit our Connect Cross-Cloud MySQL Instances to DSPM article.

Authenticate Data Store

There are two methods for authenticating RDS and Aurora data stores: Snapshots or Service Account.

Using Snapshots

Snapshots are quicker and simpler, spinning up a secure copy of the data store for Netskope DSPM to scan without needing to create a Service Account. This copy exists only within your Netskope DSPM instance, and Netskope DSPM does not store any associated data. It’s encrypted and then immediately spun down, so there are no lingering data copies.

Spinning up the data store copy for scan initiation can take several hours.

The following features are not supported when authenticating via Snapshot:

Privilege Analysis
Data-in-use monitoring
Database selection
Sample data collection

Ensure you’ve enabled Data Store Snapshots access during AWS Infrastructure onboarding. For already onboarded accounts, make sure the IAM policy used for DSPM includes the permissions required for Data Store Snapshots Access (note that this also requires the permissions from Feature 3: Unmanaged Data Stores). Depending on whether you onboarded an AWS Organization or an individual AWS account, you can find these granular permissions in the Onboard AWS Infrastructure Manually article under:

Instructions > Onboard an AWS Organization > Step 3 (Optional): Create the Custom IAM Policy > Feature 4: Authorize Data Store Snapshots Access
Instructions > Onboard an Individual AWS Account > Step 3 (Optional): Create the Custom IAM Policy > Feature 4: Authorize Data Store Snapshots Access

Once connected, data classification in the data store runs via Snapshot, which appears on the Data Store Inventory page as a small layered square note icon to the right of the hyperlinked data store name. You can later edit the data store and turn off Snapshots, at which point a Service Account will be required to authenticate the data store.

Using a Netskope DSPM Service Account

Begin by configuring a MySQL service account which will be dedicated to Netskope DSPM’s use. Authentication to RDS is supported using either IAM-based or password-based authentication.

The following steps may require the assistance of your AWS and/or local database administrator.

IAM-Based Authentication

Password-Based Authentication

Configure RDS

As an administrator, log into your AWS RDS Console.
Navigate to the database you wish to connect.
Under the Configuration tab:
- Within the Summary section, make note of the Region value.
- Within the Instance section, ensure that the IAM Connectivity setting is enabled.
Log into your MySQL database’s shell using these AWS instructions.
Create the Netskope DSPM-specific MySQL user by executing the following commands in order:

Command	Outcome	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH AWSAuthenticationPlugin AS 'RDS';`	Creates the Netskope DSPM-specific user for authentication using the AWS RDS plugin.	Substitute `[USER]` with your own preferred value. Note: `@'%'` creates a user which supports remote connection. As an alternative, substitute it with `@'#.#.#.#'` to limit to specific IP addresses.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Grants to the Netskope DSPM-specific user the required permissions which power capabilities within the Netskope DSPM platform.	Substitute `[USER]` with the value used above. Note: `.` means “on all schemas, in all tables in those schemas (current and future)”.

Configure IAM

As an administrator, log into your IAM Dashboard.
In the left-hand menu, select Roles.
Using the search box, find and open the Netskope-specific role. (Most likely named “Netskope_Role” if created using the Netskope CloudFormation or Terraform script. Otherwise, create a custom role with the same Trust Relationship) .
Under the Permissions tab, click Add Permissions > Create inline policy.
On the Specify Permissions screen, click the JSON button.
In the Policy editor section, overwrite the default JSON with the following code. Replace [REGION], [ACCOUNT], and [USER] with your specific values:

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "rds-db:connect"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:rds-db:[REGION]:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

If you plan to connect with RDS databases in more than one AWS region, add additional rows to the Resource array, one for each region.

Click Next.
On the Policy Details screen, enter a Policy Name (e.g., Netskope_Policy_RMS to clarify its purpose).
Click Create policy.

As an administrator, log into your MySQL database’s shell using these AWS instructions.
Create the Netskope DSPM-specific MySQL user by executing the following commands in order:

Command	Outcome	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'netskope_password';`	Creates the Netskope DSPM-specific user for authentication using a password.	Substitute `[USER]` and `netskope_password` with your own preferred values. Note: `@'%'` creates a user which supports remote connection. As an alternative, substitute it with `@'#.#.#.#'` to limit to specific IP addresses.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Grants to the Netskope DSPM-specific user the required permissions which power capabilities within the Netskope DSPM platform.	Substitute `[USER]` with the value used above. Note: `.` means “on all schemas, in all tables in those schemas (current and future)”

Configure Query Logging (Optional)

Netskope DSPM’s Data-In-Use-Monitoring capability requires access to query logging. If you wish to leverage this capability, you must configure your MySQL instance to begin generating such logs.

– Enabling query logging on a MySQL database may impact its performance. Closely monitor your database along with any dependent pipelines/applications.
– Users with the MySQL permission to set the sql_log_off session variable can disable logging for their own session. For optimal security, restrict access to this setting.
– These changes require a MySQL server restart. We recommend scheduling this reboot during a maintenance window.

Log into your AWS RDS Console.
Under Amazon RDS in the left-hand menu, navigate to Parameter groups.
Select an existing parameter group for your MySQL database (or create a new one using these AWS instructions).
Click Edit parameters.
Using the search box, find the following parameter keys and set their corresponding values:

Parameter Key	Value
`general_log`	`On`
`log_output`	`TABLE`

Click SAVE.
Log into your MySQL database’s shell and execute the following command to manage log rotation:

Command	Outcome
`CALL mysql.rds_rotate_general_log;`	Deletes the `mysql.general_log_backup` table, renames `mysql.general_log` to `general_log_backup`, and creates a new `mysql.general_log` table. Note: To limit the size of logs, AWS RDS calls this function whenever logs exceed 10GB or 10% of database space. You can also configure your MySQL server to call this function on a regular cadence.

Restart your MySQL server at your earliest convenience.

Retrieve Connection Information

In addition to configuring a service account, Netskope DSPM will also require additional information in order to communicate with your MySQL instance.

Log into your AWS RDS Console.
Under Amazon RDS in the left-hand menu, navigate to Databases.
For the database you wish Netskope DSPM to scan, click its link in the DB Identifier column. (For Aurora MySQL, be sure to choose a database with Role = “Writer Instance” instead of “Regional cluster”).
In the Connectivity & security section, make note of the following values from your console:

Corresponding Netskope DSPM Value	Where to find it in AWS Console
Data Store Endpoint	Endpoint
Data Store Endpoint (Port)	Port

Connect Your Data Store

Prerequisite: Before attempting to connect an AWS Data Store, be sure you have configured a Netskope DSPM-specific AWS Service Account and onboarded the AWS Infrastructure for this Data Store.

Follow these steps to configure the connection:

Step 1: Provide Credentials

Go to Data Stores > Data Store Inventory.
Click CONNECT A DATA STORE in the upper right.Tip: Alternatively, if the data store was already found by auto-discovery, go to the Discovered tab and click Connect in the Actions column.
In the Connect a Data Store window, click the data store icon you wish to connect.
In the Provide Credentials section, complete the following fields:

Field	Value
Select AWS Account	Select one of the AWS Accounts defined within the Infrastructure Section screen. The field defaults if there is just one AWS Account configured.
Data Store Identifier	Provide a friendly name to describe this Data Store.
Data Store Endpoint	Enter the corresponding values from the Retrieve Connection Information step above, plus the port number. For example, for an address like `example.rds.amazonaws.com`, you would enter `example.rds.amazonaws.com:3306`. (Note: 3306 is the default MySQL port number. Substitute if you use a custom port)
Authentication Method	Select the desired authentication method.
Database Username	Enter the corresponding value from the Using a Netskope DSPM Service Account step above.
Password	When Authentication Method equals “Username / Password”, enter the corresponding value from the Password-based authentication step above.
Scan Frequency	Controls how often your Data Store is reviewed for changes.
Sidecar Pool	Select a sidecar pool with network visibility to said data store.

Click Next.
When the Select Capabilities tab appears, complete the following fields:
- Assign a Data Owner (Optional): Select one or more users responsible for this data store.
- Which databases should Netskope DSPM scan?: Select the specific data stores and schemas to monitor, if applicable.
- Features: Select the features you want to enable.

Capability	Supported for AWS Aurora MySQL via Service Account	Supported for AWS Aurora MySQL via Snapshots
Discovery	Yes (always-on)	Yes
Privilege Analysis	Yes Note: MySQL version 8.0 or higher is required. Disable for older versions	No
Shadow Data Analysis	Yes	No
Classification	Yes	Yes
Data In Use Monitoring	Yes Note: Query logging must be configured first	No
Automation	Yes (always-on)	Yes

Click Save. When the Review tab appears, the system validates your configuration. If there are any issues, follow the on-screen instructions to fix them .
Click Save to finalize the connection.

If you encounter the error Unable to access system logs for MySQL database, be sure to double-check your logging configurations in the Configure Query Logging section above.

Method	Benefits	Drawbacks & Limitations
Snapshots	A simple and quick setup. DSPM scans a secure, temporary, and encrypted copy of the data store without requiring database credentials.	Scan initiation can take several hours. This method does not support the following features: – Privilege Analysis. – Data-in-use monitoring. – Specific database selection. – Sample data collection.
Service Account (Recommended)	Enables all supported DSPM capabilities, including Privilege Analysis and Data-in-use Monitoring.	Requires additional configuration steps within your AWS database and may require administrator assistance.

Step 2: Prepare Your AWS Aurora MySQL Database

Next, complete the necessary preparations in your AWS environment based on the authentication method and features you plan to use.

Create a Database User (If using a Service Account)

You only need to complete this section if you chose the Service Account authentication method in Step 1. You can authenticate the service account using IAM or a traditional password.

For IAM-based Authentication (Recommended)

For Password-based Authentication

Enable IAM Database Authentication on your RDS instance:
1. Go to your AWS RDS Console > Databases.
2. Select the database you wish to connect.
3. Go to the Configuration tab > Summary section and save the Region value for later use.
4. In the Instance section, confirm that IAM Connectivity is enabled.

Create the MySQL user and grant permissions:

Run the following commands:

Command	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH AWSAuthenticationPlugin AS 'RDS';`	Outcome: Creates the user for IAM-based authentication. – Substitute `[USER]` with your preferred username.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Outcome: Grants the user the required permissions to scan all current and future tables. – Substitute `[USER]` with the username you created.

Configure the IAM Policy for the Netskope Role:
```
Follow these steps to create the specific IAM policy that allows DSPM to connect to the database user.
```
1. Go to the AWS IAM Console > Roles.
2. Find and open the role used for the Netskope integration.
  
  – If you used Netskope’s CloudFormation or Terraform, the role is likely named Netskope_Role.
  – Alternatively, you can create a custom role, just make sure it uses the same Trust Relationship as the default Netskope role.
  
  Your should see something like to this:
3. Under the Permissions tab, select Add Permissions > Create inline policy.
4. When the Specify permissions page appears, select the JSON tab.
5. Overwrite any existing content by pasting the following JSON policy template into the editor.
```
{
	"Version": "2012-10-17",
	"Statement": [
		{
			"Effect": "Allow",
			"Action": [
				"rds-db:connect"
			],
			"Resource": [
				"arn:aws:rds-db:[REGION]:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
			]
		}
	]
}
```
6. In the policy editor, replace the following placeholder values with your specific AWS information:
  
  Placeholder Value
  [REGION] The AWS region where your RDS database resides.
  [ACCOUNT] Your AWS account number.
  [USER] The DB username you defined in the MySQL shell.
  
  For Multi-Region Support: If you plan to connect with RDS databases in more than one AWS region, add an additional row to the `Resource` object for each region. For example:
  
  "Resource": [
  "arn:aws:rds-db:us-east-1:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]",
  "arn:aws:rds-db:us-west-2:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
  ] ```
  
  Your screen should now look similar to this:
7. Click Next.
8. On the Policy Details screen, for Policy Name, enter a descriptive name (e.g., Netskope_Policy_RMS).
9. Click Create policy.

Placeholder	Value
`[REGION]`	The AWS region where your RDS database resides.
`[ACCOUNT]`	Your AWS account number.
`[USER]`	The DB username you defined in the MySQL shell.

Run the following commands:

Command	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '[PASSWORD]';`	Outcome: Creates the user for Netskope DSPM. – Substitute `[USER]` and `[PASSWORD]` with your own secure values.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Outcome: Grants the user the required permissions to scan all current and future tables. – Substitute `[USER]` with the username you created.

Configure Query Logging (for Data-In-Use Monitoring)

Enabling query logging on a MySQL database may impact its performance. Monitor your database closely after these changes. A server restart is required for these changes to take effect. Schedule this reboot during a planned maintenance window.

Complete this section only if you plan to enable the Data-In-Use Monitoring feature, which is available when using the Service Account authentication method from Step 1.

If you meet these conditions, complete the following setup:

Set Query Logging Parameters:
1. Go to the AWS RDS Console > Parameter groups.
2. Select the parameter group for your MySQL database. If one does not exist, create one.
3. Click Edit parameters.
  
  Flag Value
  general_log On
  log_output TABLE
4. Click Save changes.
Rotate Logs:
1. Log in to your MySQL database shell as an administrator using the AWS instructions.
2. Run the command: CALL mysql.rds_rotate_general_log;
  
  This AWS RDS function first deletes any existing backup log table (mysql.general_log_backup), then renames the current log table (mysql.general_log) to become the new backup, and finally creates a new emptymysql.general_logtable to receive new log entries.
Restart the MySQL Server:
1. Restart your MySQL server at your earliest convenience for the logging changes to take effect.

Flag	Value
general_log	On
log_output	TABLE

Step 3: Retrieve Connection Information

(This section is identical to the PostgreSQL article and is a candidate for an excerpt).

Next, gather the required connection details from AWS.

Go to the AWS RDS Console > Databases.
Click the link for your database in the DB Identifier column.
- Note: For Aurora MySQL, choose a database with Role = “Writer Instance”.
In the Connectivity & Security section, copy the following values:

Step 4: Connect the Data Store

Finally, use the information you prepared to connect the data store in the Netskope One console.

Go to Data Stores > Data Store Inventory.
Click CONNECT A DATA STORE.
On the Select Data Store tab, click the AWS Aurora MySQL icon.
The Provide Credentials tab appears, complete the following fields:

Field	Value
Select AWS Account	Select the AWS Account configured in Infrastructure Connections.
Data Store Identifier	Enter a friendly name for this data store.
Data Store Endpoint	Enter the Endpoint and Port from Step 3. For example, if your address is `example-endpoint.us-west-2.rds.amazonaws.com`, you would need to add `:port` at the end like `example-endpoint.us-west-2.rds.amazonaws.com:3306` Note: 3306 is the default MySQL port number. If you are using a custom port number, be sure to substitute it here.
Authentication Method	Select the method you configured: IAM or Username / Password.
Database Username	(If using Service Account) Enter the username you created in Step 2.
Password	(If using Password authentication) Enter the password for the service account user.
Scan Frequency	Select how often DSPM reviews the data store for changes.
Sidecar Pool	If you use sidecars to monitor this data store, select a sidecar pool with network visibility to it. To learn more, please visit our Sidecar Administration article.

Click Next.
When the Select Capabilities tab appears, complete the following fields:
- Assign a Data Owner (Optional): Select one or more users responsible for this data store.
- Which databases should Netskope DSPM scan?: Select the specific databases and schemas to monitor.
- Features: Select the features you want to enable.

Capability	Supported via Service Account	Supported via Snapshots
Discovery	Yes (always-on)	Yes
Privilege Analysis	Yes (Note: MySQL version 8.0 or higher is required)	No
Shadow Data Analysis	Yes	No
Classification	Yes	Yes
Data In-Use Monitoring	Yes (Note: Query logging must be configured)	No
Automation	Yes (always-on)	Yes

Click Save.
- When the Review tab appears, the system validates your configuration. If there are any issues, follow the on-screen instructions to fix them.
Click Save to finalize the connection.

Overview

Netskope DSPM supports scanning AWS MySQL Data Stores. Follow these instructions to set up your MySQL database and configure its connection to Netskope DSPM.

Authenticate Data Store

There are two methods for authenticating RDS and Aurora data stores: Snapshots or Service Account.

Using Snapshots

Spinning up the data store copy for scan initiation can take several hours.

The following features are not supported when authenticating via Snapshot:

Privilege Analysis
Data-in-use monitoring
Database selection
Sample data collection

Instructions > Onboard an AWS Organization > Step 3 (Optional): Create the Custom IAM Policy > Feature 4: Authorize Data Store Snapshots Access
Instructions > Onboard an Individual AWS Account > Step 3 (Optional): Create the Custom IAM Policy > Feature 4: Authorize Data Store Snapshots Access

Using a Netskope DSPM Service Account

Begin by configuring a MySQL service account which will be dedicated to Netskope DSPM’s use. Authentication to RDS is supported using either IAM-based or password-based authentication.

The following steps may require the assistance of your AWS and/or local database administrator.

IAM-Based Authentication

Password-Based Authentication

Configure RDS

As an administrator, log into your AWS RDS Console.
Navigate to the database you wish to connect.
Under the Configuration tab:
- Within the Summary section, make note of the Region value.
- Within the Instance section, ensure that the IAM Connectivity setting is enabled.
Log into your MySQL database’s shell using these AWS instructions.
Create the Netskope DSPM-specific MySQL user by executing the following commands in order:

Command	Outcome	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH AWSAuthenticationPlugin AS 'RDS';`	Creates the Netskope DSPM-specific user for authentication using the AWS RDS plugin.	Substitute `[USER]` with your own preferred value. Note: `@'%'` creates a user which supports remote connection. As an alternative, substitute it with `@'#.#.#.#'` to limit to specific IP addresses.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Grants to the Netskope DSPM-specific user the required permissions which power capabilities within the Netskope DSPM platform.	Substitute `[USER]` with the value used above. Note: `.` means “on all schemas, in all tables in those schemas (current and future)”.

Configure IAM

As an administrator, log into your IAM Dashboard.
In the left-hand menu, select Roles.
Using the search box, find and open the Netskope-specific role. (Most likely named “Netskope_Role” if created using the Netskope CloudFormation or Terraform script. Otherwise, create a custom role with the same Trust Relationship) .
Under the Permissions tab, click Add Permissions > Create inline policy.
On the Specify Permissions screen, click the JSON button.
In the Policy editor section, overwrite the default JSON with the following code. Replace [REGION], [ACCOUNT], and [USER] with your specific values:

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "rds-db:connect"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:rds-db:[REGION]:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

If you plan to connect with RDS databases in more than one AWS region, add additional rows to the Resource array, one for each region.

Click Next.
On the Policy Details screen, enter a Policy Name (e.g., Netskope_Policy_RMS to clarify its purpose).
Click Create policy.

As an administrator, log into your MySQL database’s shell using these AWS instructions.
Create the Netskope DSPM-specific MySQL user by executing the following commands in order:

Command	Outcome	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'netskope_password';`	Creates the Netskope DSPM-specific user for authentication using a password.	Substitute `[USER]` and `netskope_password` with your own preferred values. Note: `@'%'` creates a user which supports remote connection. As an alternative, substitute it with `@'#.#.#.#'` to limit to specific IP addresses.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Grants to the Netskope DSPM-specific user the required permissions which power capabilities within the Netskope DSPM platform.	Substitute `[USER]` with the value used above. Note: `.` means “on all schemas, in all tables in those schemas (current and future)”

Configure Query Logging (Optional)

Netskope DSPM’s Data-In-Use-Monitoring capability requires access to query logging. If you wish to leverage this capability, you must configure your MySQL instance to begin generating such logs.

Log into your AWS RDS Console.
Under Amazon RDS in the left-hand menu, navigate to Parameter groups.
Select an existing parameter group for your MySQL database (or create a new one using these AWS instructions).
Click Edit parameters.
Using the search box, find the following parameter keys and set their corresponding values:

Parameter Key	Value
`general_log`	`On`
`log_output`	`TABLE`

Click SAVE.
Log into your MySQL database’s shell and execute the following command to manage log rotation:

Command	Outcome
`CALL mysql.rds_rotate_general_log;`	Deletes the `mysql.general_log_backup` table, renames `mysql.general_log` to `general_log_backup`, and creates a new `mysql.general_log` table. Note: To limit the size of logs, AWS RDS calls this function whenever logs exceed 10GB or 10% of database space. You can also configure your MySQL server to call this function on a regular cadence.

Restart your MySQL server at your earliest convenience.

Retrieve Connection Information

In addition to configuring a service account, Netskope DSPM will also require additional information in order to communicate with your MySQL instance.

Log into your AWS RDS Console.
Under Amazon RDS in the left-hand menu, navigate to Databases.
For the database you wish Netskope DSPM to scan, click its link in the DB Identifier column. (For Aurora MySQL, be sure to choose a database with Role = “Writer Instance” instead of “Regional cluster”).
In the Connectivity & security section, make note of the following values from your console:

Corresponding Netskope DSPM Value	Where to find it in AWS Console
Data Store Endpoint	Endpoint
Data Store Endpoint (Port)	Port

Connect Your Data Store

Prerequisite: Before attempting to connect an AWS Data Store, be sure you have configured a Netskope DSPM-specific AWS Service Account and onboarded the AWS Infrastructure for this Data Store.

Follow these steps to configure the connection:

Step 1: Provide Credentials

Go to Data Stores > Data Store Inventory.
Click CONNECT A DATA STORE in the upper right.Tip: Alternatively, if the data store was already found by auto-discovery, go to the Discovered tab and click Connect in the Actions column.
In the Connect a Data Store window, click the data store icon you wish to connect.
In the Provide Credentials section, complete the following fields:

Field	Value
Select AWS Account	Select one of the AWS Accounts defined within the Infrastructure Section screen. The field defaults if there is just one AWS Account configured.
Data Store Identifier	Provide a friendly name to describe this Data Store.
Data Store Endpoint	Enter the corresponding values from the Retrieve Connection Information step above, plus the port number. For example, for an address like `example.rds.amazonaws.com`, you would enter `example.rds.amazonaws.com:3306`. (Note: 3306 is the default MySQL port number. Substitute if you use a custom port)
Authentication Method	Select the desired authentication method.
Database Username	Enter the corresponding value from the Using a Netskope DSPM Service Account step above.
Password	When Authentication Method equals “Username / Password”, enter the corresponding value from the Password-based authentication step above.
Scan Frequency	Controls how often your Data Store is reviewed for changes.
Sidecar Pool	Select a sidecar pool with network visibility to said data store.

Click Next.
When the Select Capabilities tab appears, complete the following fields:
- Assign a Data Owner (Optional): Select one or more users responsible for this data store.
- Which databases should Netskope DSPM scan?: Select the specific data stores and schemas to monitor, if applicable.
- Features: Select the features you want to enable.

Capability	Supported for AWS Aurora MySQL via Service Account	Supported for AWS Aurora MySQL via Snapshots
Discovery	Yes (always-on)	Yes
Privilege Analysis	Yes Note: MySQL version 8.0 or higher is required. Disable for older versions	No
Shadow Data Analysis	Yes	No
Classification	Yes	Yes
Data In Use Monitoring	Yes Note: Query logging must be configured first	No
Automation	Yes (always-on)	Yes

Click Save. When the Review tab appears, the system validates your configuration. If there are any issues, follow the on-screen instructions to fix them .
Click Save to finalize the connection.

If you encounter the error Unable to access system logs for MySQL database, be sure to double-check your logging configurations in the Configure Query Logging section above.

Method	Benefits	Drawbacks & Limitations
Snapshots	A simple and quick setup. DSPM scans a secure, temporary, and encrypted copy of the data store without requiring database credentials.	Scan initiation can take several hours. This method does not support the following features: – Privilege Analysis. – Data-in-use monitoring. – Specific database selection. – Sample data collection.
Service Account (Recommended)	Enables all supported DSPM capabilities, including Privilege Analysis and Data-in-use Monitoring.	Requires additional configuration steps within your AWS database and may require administrator assistance.

Step 2: Prepare Your AWS Aurora MySQL Database

Next, complete the necessary preparations in your AWS environment based on the authentication method and features you plan to use.

Create a Database User (If using a Service Account)

You only need to complete this section if you chose the Service Account authentication method in Step 1. You can authenticate the service account using IAM or a traditional password.

For IAM-based Authentication (Recommended)

For Password-based Authentication

Enable IAM Database Authentication on your RDS instance:
1. Go to your AWS RDS Console > Databases.
2. Select the database you wish to connect.
3. Go to the Configuration tab > Summary section and save the Region value for later use.
4. In the Instance section, confirm that IAM Connectivity is enabled.

Create the MySQL user and grant permissions:

Run the following commands:

Command	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH AWSAuthenticationPlugin AS 'RDS';`	Outcome: Creates the user for IAM-based authentication. – Substitute `[USER]` with your preferred username.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Outcome: Grants the user the required permissions to scan all current and future tables. – Substitute `[USER]` with the username you created.

Configure the IAM Policy for the Netskope Role:
```
Follow these steps to create the specific IAM policy that allows DSPM to connect to the database user.
```
1. Go to the AWS IAM Console > Roles.
2. Find and open the role used for the Netskope integration.
  
  – If you used Netskope’s CloudFormation or Terraform, the role is likely named Netskope_Role.
  – Alternatively, you can create a custom role, just make sure it uses the same Trust Relationship as the default Netskope role.
  
  Your should see something like to this:
3. Under the Permissions tab, select Add Permissions > Create inline policy.
4. When the Specify permissions page appears, select the JSON tab.
5. Overwrite any existing content by pasting the following JSON policy template into the editor.
```
{
	"Version": "2012-10-17",
	"Statement": [
		{
			"Effect": "Allow",
			"Action": [
				"rds-db:connect"
			],
			"Resource": [
				"arn:aws:rds-db:[REGION]:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
			]
		}
	]
}
```
6. In the policy editor, replace the following placeholder values with your specific AWS information:
  
  Placeholder Value
  [REGION] The AWS region where your RDS database resides.
  [ACCOUNT] Your AWS account number.
  [USER] The DB username you defined in the MySQL shell.
  
  For Multi-Region Support: If you plan to connect with RDS databases in more than one AWS region, add an additional row to the `Resource` object for each region. For example:
  
  "Resource": [
  "arn:aws:rds-db:us-east-1:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]",
  "arn:aws:rds-db:us-west-2:[ACCOUNT]:dbuser:*/[USER]"
  ] ```
  
  Your screen should now look similar to this:
7. Click Next.
8. On the Policy Details screen, for Policy Name, enter a descriptive name (e.g., Netskope_Policy_RMS).
9. Click Create policy.

Placeholder	Value
`[REGION]`	The AWS region where your RDS database resides.
`[ACCOUNT]`	Your AWS account number.
`[USER]`	The DB username you defined in the MySQL shell.

Run the following commands:

Command	Notes
`CREATE USER '[USER]'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '[PASSWORD]';`	Outcome: Creates the user for Netskope DSPM. – Substitute `[USER]` and `[PASSWORD]` with your own secure values.
`GRANT SELECT ON . TO '[USER]';`	Outcome: Grants the user the required permissions to scan all current and future tables. – Substitute `[USER]` with the username you created.

Configure Query Logging (for Data-In-Use Monitoring)

Complete this section only if you plan to enable the Data-In-Use Monitoring feature, which is available when using the Service Account authentication method from Step 1.

If you meet these conditions, complete the following setup:

Set Query Logging Parameters:
1. Go to the AWS RDS Console > Parameter groups.
2. Select the parameter group for your MySQL database. If one does not exist, create one.
3. Click Edit parameters.
  
  Flag Value
  general_log On
  log_output TABLE
4. Click Save changes.
Rotate Logs:
1. Log in to your MySQL database shell as an administrator using the AWS instructions.
2. Run the command: CALL mysql.rds_rotate_general_log;
  
  This AWS RDS function first deletes any existing backup log table (mysql.general_log_backup), then renames the current log table (mysql.general_log) to become the new backup, and finally creates a new emptymysql.general_logtable to receive new log entries.
Restart the MySQL Server:
1. Restart your MySQL server at your earliest convenience for the logging changes to take effect.

Flag	Value
general_log	On
log_output	TABLE

Step 3: Retrieve Connection Information

(This section is identical to the PostgreSQL article and is a candidate for an excerpt).

Next, gather the required connection details from AWS.

Go to the AWS RDS Console > Databases.
Click the link for your database in the DB Identifier column.
- Note: For Aurora MySQL, choose a database with Role = “Writer Instance”.
In the Connectivity & Security section, copy the following values:

Step 4: Connect the Data Store

Finally, use the information you prepared to connect the data store in the Netskope One console.

Go to Data Stores > Data Store Inventory.
Click CONNECT A DATA STORE.
On the Select Data Store tab, click the AWS Aurora MySQL icon.
The Provide Credentials tab appears, complete the following fields:

Field	Value
Select AWS Account	Select the AWS Account configured in Infrastructure Connections.
Data Store Identifier	Enter a friendly name for this data store.
Data Store Endpoint	Enter the Endpoint and Port from Step 3. For example, if your address is `example-endpoint.us-west-2.rds.amazonaws.com`, you would need to add `:port` at the end like `example-endpoint.us-west-2.rds.amazonaws.com:3306` Note: 3306 is the default MySQL port number. If you are using a custom port number, be sure to substitute it here.
Authentication Method	Select the method you configured: IAM or Username / Password.
Database Username	(If using Service Account) Enter the username you created in Step 2.
Password	(If using Password authentication) Enter the password for the service account user.
Scan Frequency	Select how often DSPM reviews the data store for changes.
Sidecar Pool	If you use sidecars to monitor this data store, select a sidecar pool with network visibility to it. To learn more, please visit our Sidecar Administration article.

Click Next.
When the Select Capabilities tab appears, complete the following fields:
- Assign a Data Owner (Optional): Select one or more users responsible for this data store.
- Which databases should Netskope DSPM scan?: Select the specific databases and schemas to monitor.
- Features: Select the features you want to enable.

Capability	Supported via Service Account	Supported via Snapshots
Discovery	Yes (always-on)	Yes
Privilege Analysis	Yes (Note: MySQL version 8.0 or higher is required)	No
Shadow Data Analysis	Yes	No
Classification	Yes	Yes
Data In-Use Monitoring	Yes (Note: Query logging must be configured)	No
Automation	Yes (always-on)	Yes

Click Save.
- When the Review tab appears, the system validates your configuration. If there are any issues, follow the on-screen instructions to fix them.
Click Save to finalize the connection.